Walk the World Series: Syria - Palmyra Ancient City Ruins
Palmyra, known as Tadmor in the Old Testament, was a desert city fortified by King Solomon. It was an independent city-state during the reign of Seleucus I, who dominated present-day Turkey and the Mesopotamian region. During Roman rule, Palmyra prospered through trade. When the Sassanian Empire controlled the Mesopotamian basin, Palmyra declined along with the trade routes.
In 268 AD, Queen Zenobia began ruling the Palmyrene Kingdom, opposing the Roman Empire. Her territory once spanned Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Asia Minor, and both shores of the Red Sea, making her the undisputed ruler of the Middle East.
In 272 AD, Zenobia was captured, and the empire imposed strict control over Palmyra, turning it into a Roman military frontier base. Queen Zenobia's reign lasted only until 273 AD. By the time of the Eastern Roman Empire, the entire city was largely abandoned.
In the 16th century, after the Arabs occupied the city, they built the Palmyra Castle on the hilltop. During the Arab period, Palmyra was damaged by an earthquake.
On May 21, 2015, Palmyra was occupied and damaged by ISIS, with the Temple of Bel being destroyed by explosives. When the city was recaptured on March 27, 2016, it still retained 80% of its integrity. Palmyra was occupied again on December 11, 2016, and recaptured once more on March 2, 2017.
In images 1 and 3, the Temple of Bel was destroyed by ISIS, leaving only a solitary square porch standing amidst the ruins. The exquisite arches of the ancient city were also destroyed and are no longer visible. Despite this, the remaining ruins are still breathtaking.