Nesebar travel guide and discussion

#springflower The largest water park on the Bulgarian coast, operating since 2006. Located in the western part of the Sunny Beach resort, covering 3.6 hectares. 📍 Location: Sunny Beach resort, western part 🕒 Hours: 10:00 AM – 6:00 PM 🎢 Main slides: · Uphill Water Coaster — a 165-meter track rising 20 meters · Free Fall — a slide reaching speeds of nearly 70 km/h · Kamikaze — an 18-meter slide with a steep drop · Lazy river and Adventure Island for children 🎟️ Tickets (2025): · Adult — ~€20 / 40 BGN online · Family tickets — better value · Children under 90 cm — free 🚌 How to get there: a free shuttle runs every 20 minutes from major hotels and Nesebar. 💡 Tip: book your tickets online — cheaper. Come at opening time to avoid lines and secure sunbeds. 🏖️🎢✨

Nessebar is one of those seaside towns where history and a beach holiday somehow work together perfectly. The old town sits on a small peninsula connected to the mainland by a narrow strip of land. Once inside, you’re surrounded by cobbled streets, traditional houses, ancient ruins and historic churches. And the Black Sea is almost always just a short walk away. That combination would easily bring me back. You can spend the morning wandering through centuries of history, stop for a long lunch overlooking the water and then spend the rest of the afternoon by the sea. I’d especially like to return outside the busiest summer period, when the old streets are quieter and you can enjoy the atmosphere without rushing. Nessebar isn’t only somewhere to visit once while staying on the Bulgarian coast. It’s a place I’d happily walk through again. Would you prefer Nessebar in summer or during the quieter shoulder season? 📍 Location: Nessebar, Bulgaria #Nessebar #Bulgaria #BlackSea #BulgariaTravel #OldTown #EuropeTravel #repeatdestination

Nessebar, Bulgaria, is a captivating blend of history and coastal beauty. This UNESCO World Heritage site boasts ancient ruins and charming narrow streets lined with medieval churches. As a tourist, you'll be enchanted by its picturesque Old Town, surrounded by the Black Sea's azure waters. Wander through cobblestone lanes to discover Byzantine-era architecture and quaint shops selling local crafts. The town's relaxed vibe invites you to enjoy fresh seafood at seaside restaurants or simply soak up the sun on sandy beaches. Whether you're a history buff or a beach lover, Nessebar offers a delightful escape with its unique cultural charm. #cherryblossom2024 #mytravelhacks #historicallandmarks

Hey everyone! I've put together a super practical guide for a 13-day European tour covering Dracula's Castle, Turda Salt Mine, Sibiu, Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Rila Monastery, Boyana Church, Plovdiv, Thracian Tomb, Nesebar, Madara Rider, and Biertan Fortified Church. It's packed with useful info, so be sure to save this! · ------- Step through the millennium-old history of the Roman Colosseum 🏟️, then dive into the crisp, snowy peaks of the Alps 🏔️. Experience the fiery passion of Southern Europe and the laid-back vibes of Northern Europe all in one go—it's such a thrill to explore multiple countries at once. · ------- This itinerary is quite packed, allowing you to visit a huge number of attractions in a limited amount of time~ 🗺️ Route Overview: Day 1–Day 2: Depart and transfer via Istanbul to Bulgaria to kick off your deep dive into Bulgaria and Romania. Day 3–Day 6: Explore Bulgaria, visiting Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Rila Monastery, Boyana Church, Plovdiv, Thracian Tomb, Nesebar, and the Madara Rider. Day 7–Day 8: Enter Romania and head to Sibiu to experience the unique charm of this centuries-old Eastern European town. Day 9–Day 11: Visit Turda Salt Mine, Biertan Fortified Church, and Dracula's Castle for an in-depth Romanian experience. Day 12–Day 13: Return to Beijing via Istanbul, concluding your delightful Eastern European journey. · ------- Must-visit attractions: St. Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Sofia ⭐⭐⭐ Address: Sofia Center, pl. Sveti Aleksandar Nevski, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria ⏰ Opening hours: 7:00 AM–7:00 PM ⌛ Recommended duration: 1–2 hours The golden dome and bell tower soar into the clouds, and the interior decoration is absolutely exquisite ⛪ Bran Castle ⭐⭐⭐ Address: Strada General Traian Moșoiu 24, Bran 507025, Romania ⏰ Opening hours: Apr 1–Oct 31, Mon 12:00 PM–7:00 PM; Apr 1–Oct 31, Tue–Sun 9:00 AM–7:00 PM ⌛ Recommended duration: 1–3 hours The legendary tomb of Dracula, the vampire, with a naturally mysterious atmosphere 🌙 Peleș Castle ⭐⭐⭐ Address: Aleea Peleșului 2, Sinaia 106100, Romania ⏰ Opening hours: Mon–Tue closed; Thu–Sun 9:15 AM–5:00 PM; Wed 10:00 AM–5:00 PM ⌛ Recommended duration: 1–3 hours Classic Baroque decor style with rich exhibition themes inside the castle—surprises around every corner 🕌 Palace of the Parliament, Romania ⭐⭐⭐ Address: Strada Izvor 2-4, București, Romania ⏰ Opening hours: 9:00 AM–5:00 PM ⌛ Recommended duration: 2–3 hours A massive, iconic building that showcases the beauty of architecture through its sheer grandeur 🏛️ · ------- ✈️ Travel Prep: 🆔 Get your Schengen visa in advance, bring your original passport, and keep a few photocopies of your documents in separate places to handle any emergencies abroad. 🔌 Prepare a multi-country European SIM card and bring a European-style power adapter so you can keep all your electronic devices charged. 👕 Temperatures in Europe fluctuate between day and night in September, so bring short sleeves to layer with a light jacket. Pack comfortable walking shoes so you won't get tired even after days of sightseeing. 🧳 Bring common stomach medicine, sunscreen, a folding umbrella, and a portable power bank so you don't have to worry while taking photos and checking in. · ------- ✨ Save this guide for a worry-free European trip, and don't forget to like and bookmark it to stay tuned for group tours. Get ready for a relaxing European getaway! ✨

Sunny beach

The coach pickup was punctual. I met many new people on this day trip journey while traveling together, which was enjoyable. The sunny and hot weather added to the experience, making it delightful. I brought my own lunch and enjoyed a picnic on the clean sandy beach, dipped in the warm waters, and soaked up the sun. The sand dunes were beautiful. Overall, it was a pleasant escape from the fast-paced everyday life, and I'm glad I decided to go on this day trip.

Nesebar (Несебър), situated on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast, is an ancient peninsula town boasting over 3,000 years of history. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site back in 1983. The entire old town is connected to the mainland by a narrow artificial causeway, seamlessly blending the historical legacies of the ancient Greek, Roman, and Byzantine eras with the rustic charm of 19th-century Bulgarian National Revival wooden architecture. Must-Visit Highlights & Attractions The Iconic Entrance Windmill: Standing on the causeway that bridges the new and old towns, this wooden windmill is Nesebar's most classic spot for a photo op. Byzantine Church Complex: This little town once housed over 40 churches. Our top picks include: Church of Saint Sophia (The Old Bishopric): A 5th-century open-air red brick ruin. Its weathered arches framed against a clear blue sky offer a stunningly raw, timeless aesthetic. Church of Christ Pantocrator: Famous for its impeccably preserved red brick and ceramic-decorated facade. Church of Saint Stephen: Step inside to discover a treasure trove of intricate medieval frescoes and a masterfully carved wooden altar. Black Sea Wooden House Streetscapes: Wander down cobblestone alleys flanked by traditional homes featuring stone-built ground floors and overhanging wooden upper levels. You'll often catch beautiful glimpses of the azure Black Sea right from the street corners. Practical Travel Info Recommended Stay: Half to a full day (perfect for exploring on foot). Getting There: Located just a stone's throw from the popular Sunny Beach resort, you can catch a local bus, water taxi, or tourist mini-train straight to the Old Town gates. It's also an easy 30-minute drive from Burgas Airport (BOJ). Foodie Picks: Grab a table at a cliffside oceanfront restaurant. Feast on fresh, grilled Black Sea catch (like Safrid/horse mackerel, or a massive bowl of Black Sea mussels) and pair it with a classic, refreshing Shopska salad.

Sun-soaked adventures in Bulgaria? Yes please! Here’s how to get the absolute most out of Nesebar ✨ Top Must-Do Experiences: 🎉 Want an unforgettable day on the water? Book the SeaStar Boat cruise in Nesebar! Young adults will love the party vibes, sunbathing decks, and stops to swim in sparkling Black Sea. Personal tip: Go with a group for maximum fun, and try to snag a spot on the upper deck for the best photos and breeze! SeaStar Boat departs from the Old Port (near ul. “Ribarska” 1, Nesebar); usually runs from 10:00-17:00 in summer months — reserve in advance. Getting Around: In Nesebar, walk the historic center or take the local mini-trains. Quick Notes: No visa needed for Schengen/most EU citizens. Travel cash light—contactless cards work in both spots. #NesebarVibes #SeaStarBoat #Tripdotcom

Just finished a 7-day loop around Bulgaria. Before the trip, I rarely saw travel guides about this country. It was originally just a stopover for sightseeing, but after the trip, I’m completely hooked! Prices are extremely low, the scenery is diverse, and it’s uncrowded. You get the rose valley, snowy mountain monasteries, Black Sea ancient towns, and millennia-old ruins all in one trip. No sky-high Western European prices, no repetitive Southeast Asian beaches—this is a niche and healing destination. This is a fully tested and practical guide. If you’re planning a trip to Eastern Europe, just copy this! 1. Why is Bulgaria more and more appealing the more you explore? Real travel impressions 1. Europe’s low-cost hotspot, value far surpasses the UK, France, and Italy One of the cheapest countries in Eastern Europe. A full meal at a restaurant costs about 40 CNY per person. A large box of handmade rose essential oil is just over 30 CNY. You can stay in a scenic-view guesthouse for just over 200 CNY. Most attraction tickets cost only a dozen yuan. A cup of local yogurt is 3 CNY. Even on a tight budget, you can enjoy a free and easy vacation. 2. Rich variety of landscapes, see multiple terrains in one place In spring, hills covered with roses; summer brings the jelly-like Black Sea; deep mountains hide medieval monasteries; inland has millennia-old Roman ruins; mountaintops feature sci-fi-style abandoned monuments. No need to hop between countries—one country offers flower fields, mountains, sea, snowy peaks, ancient towns, and vintage architecture. 3. Very few tourists, no need to fight for photo spots Compared to crowded hotspots in Croatia and Italy, most Bulgarian attractions have only locals and a few European and American backpackers. Monasteries, old town streets, and seaside cliffs can be photographed freely without crowds, delivering authentic atmosphere straight from the camera. 4. Food is friendly, sweet and sour flavors suit Chinese tastes Local cuisine focuses on dairy, stewed meats, and fresh vegetables and fruits. It’s refreshing and not greasy. Rose products are everywhere—rose wine, rose yogurt, rose cream—offering floral scents that soothe all travel fatigue. 5. Easy to travel, hassle-free visa If you hold a valid multiple-entry Schengen visa, you can enter visa-free without applying for a separate Bulgarian visa. There are many multi-country connecting flights, making travel planning more flexible. 2. Must-visit iconic spots, organized by region to avoid backtracking Sofia | Capital, a city blending old and new 1. Alexander Nevsky Cathedral City landmark with gilded domes and dark green roofs. Inside are exquisite mosaic murals. Free to photograph outside. The golden dome looks stunning at sunset. There’s a guard-changing ceremony on the hour. 2. Underground Roman ruins: Inside the city center metro station are 2,000-year-old ancient city ruins. Free to visit, a hidden gem. 3. Vitosha Mountain: A cable car from the city outskirts takes you up for panoramic city views. Hiking in summer, skiing in winter. A favorite local leisure spot. Rila Monastery | World cultural heritage (must visit) A medieval monastery hidden deep in the mountains. Black and white striped arcades and courtyard, stunning Last Judgment murals, like stepping into a medieval painting. Best to visit in the morning to avoid tour groups. Early morning mist in the valley creates an amazing atmosphere. You can buy niche honey wine inside, which tastes sweet and light. Kazanlak rose valley (peak season May–Aug) The world’s core Damascus rose production area. Early morning you can pick dew-covered roses with farmers. The whole valley is covered in pink flowers, and the air is filled with floral fragrance. Local rose hydrosol and essential oils offer unbeatable value. Avoid roadside vendors; buy from official stores to avoid fakes. Plovdiv | Europe’s oldest city Well-preserved ancient Roman open-air theater. The 2,000-year-old stone steps still host concerts. Sit on the steps at sunset to watch the old town—an incredible time-travel feeling. The old town’s colorful wooden houses and narrow alleys are full of cats, perfect for a relaxing stroll. Veliko Tarnovo medieval royal city Hilltop castle complex with a nightly light show projecting Bulgaria’s thousand-year history. The winding river valley looks like a fantasy drama set, ideal for evening visits. Black Sea coast: Nessebar & Sozopol UNESCO World Heritage seaside ancient towns. Jelly-colored clear water, shallow areas where you can see starfish, cliffside sea-view restaurants with reasonable prices. In summer, you can go sailing at sunset, stroll along the beach, and enjoy the sea breeze—a perfect summer escape. Buzludzha UFO monument Abandoned giant Soviet-style building on a mountaintop with a sci-fi wasteland vibe. A great stop if driving by. Perfect for drone shots. It’s windy at the top, so bring a jacket. 3. Local food pros and cons, what locals often eat without risk ✅ Must-try list 1. Shopska salad: National appetizer with tomatoes, cucumbers, and sheep’s milk cheese. Refreshing and cuts grease. A must-order at every table. 2. Banitsa cheese pastry: 3 CNY per piece. Layers of flaky pastry wrapped around cheese. Breakfast favorite. 3. Kavarma stew: Slow-cooked beef or lamb with vegetables in a clay pot. Rich aroma. 4. Local handmade yogurt: Served with honey, rich and creamy. Affordable and tasty from roadside shops. 5. Monastery honey wine and rose fruit wine: Low alcohol, slightly sweet, popular with women. ❌ Pitfalls to avoid Seaside tourist restaurants usually charge inflated prices. Always check the menu prices first. Don’t buy loose rose essential oil at attraction entrances—many fakes. 4. Complete transportation guide, 90% of travelers make mistakes 1. Intercity travel: Prioritize long-distance buses. Frequent departures, WiFi, and punctual. Trains are slow and often delayed, not recommended. Tickets can be bought cheaper online at Busfor. 2. Short-distance deep tours: If traveling with others, renting a car is recommended. Automatic cars cost about 400 CNY per day. Public transport rarely reaches mountain attractions. Carry an international driver’s license. Mountain roads have many curves; avoid driving at night. 3. City taxis: Avoid unlicensed street hailing. Download the TaxiMe app for metered fares. Watch out for scams at airports and train stations. 4. Sofia city: The metro covers key attractions and offers the best value. 5. Accommodation guide 1. Sofia: Stay near Vitosha Boulevard for concentrated dining and shopping, convenient travel. Mid-range guesthouses cost 200–400 CNY per night. 2. Kazanlak rose valley: Suburban flower field guesthouses with rose gardens right outside the window, great for photos. 3. Black Sea coast: Small inns inside Nessebar old town, steps from the beach. 4. Rila Monastery: You can stay inside the monastery to avoid day-trip rush and enjoy the monastery alone in the early morning. 6. Summer travel tips for July–August 1. Climate: Daytime highs around 35°C, but large temperature swings between day and night. Mountain and seaside temperatures drop sharply. Bring a light jacket. 2. Always carry a sun and rain umbrella. Afternoon mountain showers are common. 3. Rose valley sees a slight increase in visitors during peak season. To enjoy empty flower fields, arrive at 5–6 AM. 4. Currency: Use the lev. Exchange only a small amount of cash. Most malls and restaurants accept cards. No need to exchange large amounts of foreign currency. 5. Clothing: Stone streets in old towns and mountain hikes require soft, non-slip shoes. When visiting churches, shoulders and knees must be covered. Bring a light shawl. 6. Souvenirs: Buy rose skincare products and yogurt at large chain supermarkets, which are half the price of those at attractions. 7. 7-day easy classic itinerary (no rush) D1 Arrive in Sofia, stroll around the city cathedral and Roman ruins D2 Sofia → Rila Monastery, day trip to the mountains D3 Sofia to Plovdiv, explore old town and Roman theater D4 Plovdiv → Kazanlak rose valley, immerse in flower fields D5 Kazanlak → Veliko Tarnovo, watch castle light show at dusk D6 Head to Nessebar old town on the Black Sea, swim and watch sunset D7 Return from Black Sea to Sofia, shop for souvenirs and head home 8. Heartfelt summary If you’re tired of overcrowded popular European cities and want a budget-friendly, diverse, quiet, and relaxed niche destination, Bulgaria is definitely the top choice. Here you’ll find low prices you won’t see in Western Europe, unique rose fragrances, millennia of historical sites, and healing Black Sea sunsets. No huge budget, no crowds—just leisurely stroll ancient towns, admire flower fields, and enjoy authentic local food. Once you’ve been, you’ll understand how amazing it really is!

Bulgaria's Black Sea coast 🇧🇬🏖️ Start in Varna – see the Roman Baths. Visit Balchik's Botanical Garden. Drive to Sozopol for wooden houses and cobbled streets. End at Burgas' Sea Garden. Swim at Irakli Beach – less crowded. Tips: Best months June or September. Try fish soup and musaka. Learn "Edna kafe, molya" (one coffee, please). Carry cash for beach bars. Nessebar peninsula is free (UNESCO). For sunset photos, visit the Church of St. John Aliturgetos at 6pm. The Ropotamo River boat tour ($15) passes water lilies. Try boza (fermented millet drink). Finally, buy fig jam from Sozopol's old town – handmade jars cost $4. Avoid August – too crowded. Pack water shoes – sea urchins hide in rocks.

#springflower In the heart of Old Nesebar, at 7 Hemus Street, stands the Church of St. Paraskeva (Sveta Paraskeva) — a medieval Orthodox basilica built in the 13th–14th centuries. 🏛️ What the Walls Hold The church is a single-nave basilica with a characteristic narthex (vestibule) and a pentagonal altar apse. The facades are richly decorated in the ceramic plasticity style — rows of blind arches, colorful ceramic rosettes, herringbone and zigzag patterns. It is one of the most lavishly decorated churches in the city! The walls are built of alternating rows of hewn stone and brick in the Byzantine technique. The building measures 14.7 meters in length and 6.6 meters in width. In the past, a dome and bell tower rose above the church, but they have not survived to the present day. 🕊️ To Whom the Church Is Dedicated The church is consecrated in honor of St. Paraskeva of Iconium (Paraskeva Friday), a 3rd-century Christian great martyr. In Russia, she was especially venerated as the patroness of fields and livestock, as well as a healer of the most severe mental and physical ailments. 🖼️ Today — Not an Active Church, but a Museum No services are held here now. Inside, an art gallery has been established, where you can see works of art. The church itself is part of the "Old Nesebar" Architectural and Historical Reserve, which is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List and is among the 100 Tourist Sites of Bulgaria. 📍 Address: 7 Hemus Street (Mesambria 2A), Old Nesebar, Bulgaria 🕒 Opening Hours: May–October, daily 10:30 AM – 7:00 PM 💰 Entry: adults — 3 BGN, children — 2 BGN, group discounts and tours (30 BGN per group) 💡 Tip: Don't forget to admire not only the facade but also the interior gallery. The church is a 10-minute walk from the Old Town bus station or the Marine Station. And remember, this is a UNESCO monument, so take care of the ancient heritage! 🌸⛪🌊✨

#travel "Han's Tent" (Hanska Shatra in Bulgarian) is a popular restaurant and entertainment venue in Bulgaria, located on a hilltop overlooking the Sunny Beach resort. It is a well-known tourist attraction, especially for its unique architecture, which is designed to resemble the historical tents of the ancient Bulgarian khans (rulers).

Hey guys, I recently stayed at an amazing seaside hotel - HVD Reina del Mar, and it made my vacation experience so much better! 🌊 Unbeatable sea view The hotel is located right by the sea, and when you open the window, the endless blue sea is right in front of you. Just standing on the balcony, listening to the sound of the waves and feeling the sea breeze is already relaxing enough. There are also many specialty shops and seafood restaurants nearby, so you can enjoy the freshest seafood with just a few steps. 💆‍♀️ Premium Spa Service I have to praise their top-notch spa service! As soon as you enter the spa area, the soothing music and pleasant aroma instantly relax you. The professional masseurs are skilled, and every movement precisely hits the tired muscles, helping me get rid of all the fatigue. The water temperature in the spa pool is just right, and soaking in it makes all your worries disappear. 🚗 Free Parking For those who drive, free parking is a great perk! You don't have to worry about finding a parking space or paying high parking fees, and you can start your vacation mode as soon as you park. 🛏️ Comfortable accommodation The room is cozy and elegant, with soft and comfortable bedding, and every detail shows quality. The room is also well-equipped with smart devices, making the stay more convenient. If you're also looking for a relaxing seaside trip, HVD Reina del Mar is definitely worth a visit! Trust me, you won't want to leave once you get there~

Nestled in the historic town of Nesebar, often called the “Pearl of the Black Sea,” stands the remarkable Church of St. Sophia, the largest and most impressive church ruin in this UNESCO World Heritage site. With its origins dating back to the 5th-6th century, the basilica’s towering stone arches and intricate details tell stories of a bygone era when Nesebar was a flourishing center of Byzantine and Bulgarian culture. Wandering the cobbled streets of this ancient city, you’ll find a seamless blend of history, charm, and breathtaking sea views that make Nesebar unforgettable.#bulgaria #nessebar

#OctoberGoodDestinations2024 One of the most beautiful beaches in Nessebar, the sea is usually clear, not too deep, and has large shallow areas, perfect for children. The beach is divided into paid and free areas, and you can choose freely. Beach equipment including parasols and sun loungers can be rented. There are changing rooms and several bars on the beach. There are no toilets on the beach, you have to go to some bars where you have to pay. The disadvantage of October Beach is that it is often windy, but the waves are not big and will not affect the experience. It is a beautiful beach and is recommended.

#traveldiaries Visiting Nessebar Port was a highlight of my trip to Bulgaria! ⚓️ Nestled along the Black Sea, the port offers stunning views of the coastline and is a perfect spot for a leisurely stroll. There's no entrance fee, so it’s easy to explore at your own pace. I loved watching the boats come in and out while soaking up the vibrant atmosphere. The nearby seafood restaurants serve some of the freshest catches; I indulged in grilled octopus that was simply divine! 🐙 After lunch, I took a walk along the waterfront promenade, enjoying the charming old buildings and the lively market stalls selling local crafts. Just a short distance away, you can explore the historical sites of Nessebar Old Town, making it a great starting point for a day of adventure. If you're in the area, definitely check it out! #trip #NessebarPort #Bulgaria #BlackSea #TravelDiaries #SeasideViews

#myhiddengems Visiting Camel Park Sunny Beach was one of the highlights of my trip to Bulgaria! 🐪 Located just a short drive from the Sunny Beach resort, this park is a fun and unique way to spend a few hours, especially if you're traveling with kids. The entrance fee is around 12 BGN for adults and a bit less for children, which is quite affordable considering the experience you get. The park is not huge, but it’s well-maintained, and the staff are friendly and informative, ready to share fun facts about the animals. The main attraction, of course, is the camels! 🐫 I got the chance to take a short camel ride, and it was such a fun and different experience. The camels were calm and gentle, making it easy even for first-timers. The park also has other animals like donkeys, ponies, and peacocks, which you can feed and pet – a big hit with the younger visitors. 🦚 There’s also a small playground area and a café where you can relax with a cold drink while watching the camels roam around. After the camel ride, we explored the nearby Sunny Beach area, which is full of activities like beachside bars, water sports, and plenty of shopping opportunities. 🏖️ If you’re looking for a unique experience away from the typical beach scene, Camel Park Sunny Beach is definitely worth a visit. It’s a great mix of fun, relaxation, and a touch of adventure! #trip #CamelParkSunnyBeach #FamilyAdventure #BulgarianBeaches #AnimalLover #SunnyBeachFun

There are a few things that made me happy and some of those include being by the sea and watching the sunset. Combine both and it gives me ultimate joy... I mean, look at those colours - the contrast of bright orange sunshine like fire and the dark, nearly black clouds is breathtaking. In moments like these, the eye captures more than a camera ever could - without any filter at that! All of the images I have taken are from the harbour and marina in the old town of Nessebar - a pearl on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. Haven't visited it yet? You are definitely missing out. But don't just take my word for it, go and check it out yourself 🤫 #tripblazers #summervacation