The National Museum of Iraq was founded by British tourist and writer Gertrude Bell (Gertrude Bell) and opened the main entrance of the National Museum of Iraq in 1926. It was originally named the Archaeological Museum of Baghdad (Baghdad Archaeological Museum). After relocating to Arawa in 1966, it was expanded in 1983 and divided into seven sections and 28 exhibition halls. The National Museum of Iraq is listed as one of the 11 largest museums in the world by UNESCO. It contains about 250,000 precious historical relics, covering all the historical periods of Iraq dating back 100,000 years to the Stone Age and the middle of the 19th century. It also houses more than 70,000 rare and good books in various texts, and about 6,000 orphan manuscripts. In terms of popularity and collections, especially in the archaeological excavations of early human civilizations, only the Egyptian National Museum in Cairo can match it.