▲ This Manueline architectural masterpiece was constructed in 1501 to commemorate Vasco da Gama's successful opening of the sea route to India. Its intricate details feature maritime motifs like rope knots, seashells, and exotic plant carvings, reflecting Portugal's golden Age of Discovery. The monastery's church houses the stone tombs of da Gama and poet Luís de Camões. The exquisitely carved South Gate is considered a defining work of Portuguese Renaissance architecture. Having survived Lisbon's devastating 1755 earthquake, the monastery stands as a witness to the city's historical transformations. Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983, it remains one of Lisbon's most significant historical landmarks.
▲ Built between 1515–1521, Belém Tower served both as a fortress and a symbolic monument of the Age of Discovery. Originally constructed on a rocky islet in the Tagus River, it now stands on the riverbank due to shifting waterways. The tower's Manueline-style stone carvings—featuring nautical ropes, armillary spheres, and other maritime motifs—embody Portugal's pioneering spirit of exploration. Historically, numerous Portuguese navigators embarked on their voyages to unknown lands from this site. The five-story interior includes the Governor's Hall, King's Hall, Audience Hall, Chapel, and Terrace. Masterfully blending military utility with artistic grandeur, this architectural gem remains one of Lisbon's most iconic landmarks.
▲ This 52-meter-high monument was built in 1960 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of the death of Prince Henry the Navigator. Designed to resemble a ship setting sail, the monument features Prince Henry standing at the bow, followed by 32 significant figures from Portuguese history including explorers, missionaries, and cartographers. Inside, exhibition spaces showcase Portugal's maritime history. Visitors can ascend to the top for panoramic views of Belém and the Tagus River. The square in front of the monument features a massive world map embedded in the ground, marking the dates and routes of Portuguese explorers' discoveries—a visual tribute to the Age of Exploration.
▲ Perched atop Lisbon's highest hill, São Jorge Castle dates back to the 2nd century BC. Romans, Visigoths, and Moors all built fortifications here. In 1147, Portugal's first king Afonso I captured the castle from the Moors, marking a pivotal moment in the Christian Reconquista. The castle preserves 11 towers, walls, and archaeological sites. From its ramparts and viewpoints, visitors enjoy panoramic views of Lisbon including Praca do Comercio (Terreiro do Paco), the Tagus River, and the Christ the King statue across the water. Peacocks roam the castle gardens, adding to the tranquil atmosphere. This site offers perfect insight into Lisbon's urban development and geographical layout.
▲ Facing the Tagus River, Praca do Comercio (Terreiro do Paco) is Lisbon's largest square and one of Europe's most famous plazas. Originally the site of the royal palace, it was destroyed in the 1755 earthquake and later rebuilt in its current neoclassical style. The square is surrounded on three sides by yellow buildings that once housed government offices and customs. At its center stands the equestrian statue of King José I, while the river-facing arch is the Arco da Rua Augusta triumphal arch. Historically, this was a vital port area for Portugal's global trade. Today, the square buzzes with life as a gathering place for locals and visitors, with vibrant cafes and restaurants lining its merchandise-filled surroundings.
▲ This magnificent triumphal arch is located on the north side of Praca do Comercio (Terreiro do Paco) and was part of Lisbon's urban reconstruction project after the great earthquake. The arch's design began in 1755 but wasn't completed until 1873. Built in neoclassical style, its top is adorned with statues of important figures in Portuguese history, including explorer Vasco da Gama and the Marquis of Pombal. The central female statue represents Glory, crowning Virtue and Genius. The arch features an observation deck accessible by elevator or stairs, offering panoramic views of Praca do Comercio (Terreiro do Paco), the Tagus River, and surrounding neighborhoods. This monument symbolizes Lisbon's resilient spirit of revival from disaster.
▲ Tram 28 is Lisbon's most iconic transportation method, traversing the city's oldest and most distinctive neighborhoods. The yellow tram winds along narrow slopes, its body nearly brushing against the vibrant buildings on either side. This route connects key areas such as Graça, Alfama, Bairro Alto, and Campo Ourique, passing by numerous viewpoints and historic churches along the way. Riding the tram isn't just a convenient way to get around—it's a nostalgic urban sightseeing experience. The tram's interior retains its wooden seats and vintage decor, while the clanging bells and mechanical sounds evoke a charming old-world atmosphere.
