Liangzhugucheng Ruins Park

Liangzhu ancient city site, about 5300-4300 years ago, is located in Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China. It is located in the river network plain at the eastern end of Tianmu Mountain in the Taihu Lake area around the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It is an important representative of early regional civilization in China. As the power and belief center of the Liangzhu culture, the Liangzhu ancient city site was built between about 3300-2300BC with a series of related sites such as a large-scale city site, a complex peripheral water conservancy system, and hierarchical cemeteries (including altars), as well as The unearthed objects, mainly a series of jade articles with symbols of belief and system, reveal that in the late Neolithic period in China, there used to be an area around Taihu Lake in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River that was supported by rice farming, with obvious social differentiation and a unified belief area The Yangtze River Basin has made outstanding contributions to the characteristics of "diversity and unity" in the origin stage of Chinese civilization with its early time, high achievements and rich content. The vacancy of the ruins provides a unique witness for China's 5,000-year civilization history, so it is known as "a famous place that demonstrates China's 5,000-year civilization history." On July 6, 2019, the Liangzhu Ancient City Site was officially listed as a "World Cultural Heritage". Liangzhu Ancient City Ruins Park, located in Pingyao Town, Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, covers an area of about 14.33 square kilometers, including the city ruins area within the world cultural heritage Liangzhu Ancient City Ruins, Yaoshan Ruins and peripheral water conservancy system ruins. Liangzhu Ancient City Relics Park is the core part of the park. It consists of the palace area, inner city and outer city. It has a centripetal triple layout structure, with ancient rivers running through it. The total area of the city site is 631 hectares, and the total volume of earth and stone piled up artificially is about 7.17 million cubic meters. The palace area is located in the center of the city site, with a relatively high and open terrain, covering an area of about 39 hectares. It was the main place for the residence and activities of the higher rulers in the Liangzhu period. The inner city is surrounded by city walls, with a slightly rounded rectangular plane, about 1,910 meters long from north to south, and 1,770 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of 280 hectares (including the palace area). With the palace area as the center, there are cemeteries, residential sites (including handicraft workshops) terraces, ancient river channels and other sites in the inner city. The outer city is located on the periphery of the inner city, and consists of 17 intermittently distributed platforms to form a semi-closed outline of the outer city, including residences, workshops and tombs, covering an area of about 351 hectares. The platform of the outer city and the river network passing through it form a water town landscape that lives near the water. The Yaoshan site is located on the top of a hill about 5 kilometers northeast of the city site. It is a composite site of altars and high-level tombs, belonging to the early Liangzhu culture. The tombs in the Yaoshan cemetery are all vertical pit tombs, divided into two rows of burials in the south and north, and 754 pieces (groups) of burial objects were unearthed, including 678 pieces (groups) of jade articles. The peripheral water conservancy system is an urban water resource management project planned uniformly at the beginning of the construction of Liangzhu Ancient City. It consists of 11 artificial dams, natural mountains, and spillways, with a total earthwork of 2.88 million yuan. The cubic meter is the earliest large-scale water conservancy project site discovered in China so far, and it is also one of the earliest low dam systems in the world that have been discovered so far.